Understanding Model Size and Volume
A model’s size cannot be determined by looking at only one measurement. For 3D wax printing, both the model’s physical dimensions and its solid volume can affect whether it is eligible for the Standard Printing workflow.
Understanding these measurements can help customers prepare their STL files and select the appropriate ordering option.
The Two Standard Technical Limits
To qualify for Standard Printing, an individual model must meet both of the following requirements:
• Maximum model volume: 3,000 mm³, equivalent to 3 cm³
• Maximum size: 70 mm on each of the X, Y and Z axes
These technical limits apply to each individual model. Standard Printing also has a maximum combined quantity of 50 prints across all Standard files in the order. For quantities over 50 prints, use Request a Custom Quote.
Meeting only one technical requirement is not sufficient. A model that exceeds either the volume limit or the dimensional limit must be submitted through Request a Custom Quote.
What Is Model Volume?
Model volume measures the amount of three-dimensional space occupied by the model’s solid geometry.
It is expressed in cubic units, such as cubic millimetres:
• 1,000 mm³ equals 1 cm³
• 3,000 mm³ equals 3 cm³
Model volume is different from the dimensions of the space surrounding the model. Two objects can have similar outside dimensions but very different volumes because one is thin and open while the other is thick and solid.
The volume measurement is calculated from the geometry contained in the uploaded STL file. For that calculation to be reliable, the model should be closed and complete.
What Are X, Y and Z Dimensions?
The X, Y and Z measurements describe the model’s maximum extent in three directions:
• X measures one horizontal direction
• Y measures the other horizontal direction
• Z measures the model’s height
Together, these measurements define the smallest three-dimensional box that contains the model. This is sometimes called the model’s bounding box.
For Standard Printing, none of the three measurements can exceed 70 mm.
Why Both Measurements Matter
Volume and outside dimensions describe different characteristics of a model. This means a model can meet one Standard requirement while exceeding the other.
A Long, Thin Model
Consider a model measuring:
• 71 mm × 5 mm × 5 mm
• Model volume: 1,775 mm³
Its volume is below the 3,000 mm³ maximum. However, one dimension is 71 mm, which exceeds the 70 mm dimensional limit.
The model therefore does not qualify for Standard Printing.
A Compact, Solid Model
Now consider a model measuring:
• 20 mm × 20 mm × 10 mm
• Model volume: 4,000 mm³
All three dimensions are below 70 mm. However, its volume exceeds the 3,000 mm³ maximum.
This model also does not qualify for Standard Printing.
A Model That Meets Both Requirements
A model measuring:
• 20 mm × 15 mm × 10 mm
• Model volume: 3,000 mm³
meets both Standard requirements because its volume does not exceed 3,000 mm³ and each dimension is below 70 mm.
Provided that the file and geometry meet the other Standard requirements, the model can proceed through the Standard Printing workflow.
Dimensions Are Not the Same as Volume
Multiplying the X, Y and Z measurements calculates the volume of the model’s bounding box, not necessarily the volume of the model itself.
For example, an open decorative pendant may occupy a relatively large bounding box while containing much less solid material. A compact solid component may occupy a smaller bounding box but have a greater model volume.
For this reason, the actual model volume should be obtained from the STL geometry rather than estimated only from the outside dimensions.
Confirm the Scale Before Uploading
STL files do not reliably identify the intended measurement unit. An incorrectly exported file might therefore appear much larger or smaller than expected when uploaded.
Before submitting your file, confirm that:
• The model was designed using the intended measurement unit
• The correct unit was selected during export
• The exported STL retains the intended scale
• The uploaded X, Y and Z measurements match the original design
If the dimensions displayed after upload are unexpected, return to the original design file and verify its export settings before ordering.
What Happens When a Model Exceeds a Limit?
A model that exceeds either Standard limit requires additional assessment through Request a Custom Quote.
This does not necessarily mean that the model cannot be printed. It means that its size or volume falls outside the requirements established for the Standard workflow.
Submit the completed STL file and project details so the model can be reviewed and custom pricing can be provided.
Size Is Only One Part of Printability
Meeting the volume and dimensional limits does not guarantee that every model can proceed without additional review.
Other characteristics can also affect production, including:
• Complex geometry
• Thin or fragile features
• Unusual structures
• Disconnected elements
• Specialized preparation or handling requirements
A model that meets both measurement limits may still require Request a Custom Quote if its geometry or condition needs additional assessment. The Custom Quote route also applies when the combined Standard quantity exceeds 50 prints.
Ready to Check Your Model?
Upload your completed STL file to view its measurements and begin the appropriate 3D wax printing workflow. If the model exceeds either Standard technical limit, requires additional assessment, or the combined Standard quantity exceeds 50 prints, submit a Request a Custom Quote.